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  • 2025-07-26 00:00
    Last November I wrote a post about how the programming interface of threads beats the one of async/await . In May, Mark Shannon brought up the idea of virtual threads for Python on Python's discussion board and also referred back to that article that I wrote. At EuroPython we had a chat about that topic and that reminded me that I just never came around to writing part two of that article. How We Got Here The first thing to consider is that async/await did actually produce one very good outcome for Python: it has exposed many more people to concurrent programming. By introducing a syntax element into the programming language, the problem of concurrent programming has been exposed to more people. The unfortunate side effect is that it requires a very complex internal machinery that leaks into the programming language to the user and it requires colored functions . Threads, on the other hand, are in many ways a much simpler concept, but the threading APIs that have proliferated all over the place over the last couple of generations leave a lot to be desired. Without doubt, async/await in many ways improved on that. One key part of how async/await works in Python is that nothing really happens until you call await. You're guaranteed ..
  • 2025-07-23 00:00
    Last week I was able to purchase a Nintendo Switch 2. The console was due to arrive on Monday, so I also picked up a physical copy of Mario Kart World for $80 USD (compared to $70 USD for digital). This is the first time I can remember that Nintendo had a different price for an identical game, just based on the medium. At first glance this seems like a $10 USD difference, but there's a detail that gets obscured by comparing sticker price alone: who is paying storage costs. Mario Kart World requires 23GB of storage. That's not a trivial amount of storage space! I suspect Nintendo's rollout of "Game-Key Cards" isn't simply because companies wanted users to have a better experience than opening an empty jewel case. The new hardware capabilities of the Switch 2 mean games will require more storage for HD textures, sounds, video, and models. Fast and large storage is expensive, and the more a publisher has to spend on storage the fewer margins there are for their games. Pushing games to be digital means that you, the user, are paying the storage costs instead of the publisher (in addition to the downsides of digital-only media, like fewer ownership rights, less flexibility, DMCA, etc). So how much of that $10 USD savings for buying ..
  • 2025-06-27 10:09
    In Python, I often have the situation where I create a dictionary, and want to ensure that it is complete – it has an entry for every valid key. Let's say for my (currently hypothetical) automatic squirrel-deterring water gun system, I have a number of different states the water tank can be in, defined using an enum: from enum import StrEnum class TankState ( StrEnum ): FULL = "FULL" HALF_FULL = "HALF_FULL" NEARLY_EMPTY = "NEARLY_EMPTY" EMPTY = "EMPTY" In a separate bit of code, I define an RGB colour for each of these states, using a simple dict. TANK_STATE_COLORS = { TankState . FULL : 0x00FF00 , TankState . HALF_FULL : 0x28D728 , TankState . NEARLY_EMPTY : 0xFF9900 , TankState . EMPTY : 0xFF0000 , } This is deliberately distinct from my TankState code and related definitions, because it relates to a different part of the project - the user interface. The UI concerns shouldn't be mixed up with the core logic. This dict is fine, and currently complete. But I'd like to ensure that if I add a new item to TankState , I don't forget to update the TANK_STATE_COLORS dict. With a growing ability to do static type checks in Python, some people have asked how we can ensure this using static type checks ..
  • 2025-06-27 00:01
    Canonical Livepatch is a security patching automation tool which supports reboot-less security updates for the Linux kernel, and has been architected to balance security with operational convenience. Livepatch remediates high and critical common vulnerabilities and exposures (CVEs) with in-memory patches, until the next package upgrade and reboot window. System administrators rely on Livepatch to secure mission-critical Ubuntu servers where security is of paramount importance. Since the Linux kernel is an integral component of a running system, a fault would bring the entire machine to a halt. Two complementary security implementations provide safeguards against malicious code from being inserted via Canonical's live kernel patching functionality: Secure Boot ensures you're running a trusted kernel Module signature verification ensures only trusted code is loaded into the kernel at runtime Secure Boot ensures trustworthiness of binaries by validating signatures, they must be signed by a trusted source. It protects the Ubuntu machine by preventing user-space programs from installing untrusted bootloaders and binaries. Secure Boot validation results in a hard requirement for module signature verification, to insert code at ..
  • 2025-06-17 00:00
    This week I spent time with friends to letting agents go wild and see what we could build in 24 hours . I took some notes for myself to reflect on that experience. I won't bore you with another vibecoding post, but you can read Peter's post about how that went. As fun as it was, it also was frustrating in other ways and in entire predictable ways. It became a meme about how much I hated working with Xcode for this project. This got me thinking quite a bit more that this has been an entirely unacceptable experience for a long time, but with programming agents, the pain becomes measurable. When I first dove into programming I found the idea of RTFM quite hilarious. “Why are you asking dumb questions, just read it up.” The unfortunate reality is that the manual often doesn't exist or is wrong. In fact, we as engineers are quite willing to subject each others to completely inadequate tooling, bad or missing documentation and ridiculous API footguns all the time. “User error” is what we used to call this, nowadays it's a “skill issue”. It puts the blame on the user and absolves the creator, at least momentarily. For APIs it can be random crashes if you use a function wrong, for programs it can be impossible to navigate UI or lack of ..
  • 2025-05-16 11:54
    We're excited to introduce our Google Summer of Code 2025 contributors! These amazing folks will be working on impactful projects that will shape Django's future.\ Meet the contributors 👇 A. Rafey Khan Project: Django Admin – Add Keyboard Shortcuts & Command Palette . Mentors: Tom Carrick , Apoorv Garg Rafey will work on making Django Admin faster and more accessible through keyboard-driven workflows. Excited to see this land! Farhan Ali Raza Project: Bring django-template-partials into core . Mentor: Carlton Gibson Farhan will be enhancing Django's template system by adding first-class support for partialsmaking componentized templates easier than ever.\ Saurabh K Project: Automate processes within Django's contribution workflow . Mentor: Lily Foote Saurabh will work on streamlining how contributors interact with Django repoautomating repetitive tasks and improving dev experience for all. \ A huge shoutout to our mentors (and Org Admin Bhuvnesh Sharma ) and the broader Django community for supporting these contributors! 💚\ \ Let's make this a summer of learning, building, and collaboration.
  • 2025-05-16 06:11
    Michael Ryabushkin and I met around 2011-2012 through Python community work. I don't remember how we met, instead I remember his presence suddenly there, helping and aiding others. Michael could be pushy. He was trying to help people reach their full potential. His energy and humor was relentless, I admired his tenacity and giving nature. While our coding preferences usually clashed, sometimes they matched. Then we would rant together about some tiny detail, those talks plus the silly Tai Chi dance we did are lovely memories I have of Michael. In 2016 my wife Audrey had emergency surgery. For me that meant sleepless days taking care of her. Suddenly Michael's presence was there. He took shifts, ran errands (including buying a wheelchair), and forced me to sleep. I am forever grateful to Michael for what he did for us. In early 2020 Audrey and I got last minute approval to use a large conference space to organize an event called PyBeach. Michael heard about it and as always, suddenly his presence was there. He was not just a volunteer at large, but leading the conference with us. Michael and I had our shared code rants, did our silly Tai Chi dance, and he met our baby daughter. Between the pandemic and us moving from the Los ..
  • 2025-05-02 00:00
    This article provides a step by step approach to building a Python script for identifying devices connected to a Wi-Fi network. By leveraging Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) scanning and MAC address vendor lookup tools, the solution automates device discovery and enhances network visibility. Below, we explore the theory and steps, and optimization hacks for building a robust network monitoring tool.
  • 2025-04-24 15:21
    Starting this year, the PSF Board Election will be held a couple of months later in the year than in years prior. The nomination period through the end of the vote will run around the August to September time frame. This is due to several factors: Planning the Board election while organizing PyCon US is a strain on both PSF Staff and Board Members who assist with the election. We received feedback that nominees would appreciate more time between the nomination cutoff and the start of the vote so that they can campaign. There are several US holidays in June and July (and PyCon US recovery!), which means PSF Staff will intermittently be out of the office. We want to ensure we are ready and available to assist with memberships, election questions, nominations, and everything else election-related! A detailed election schedule will be published in June. Consider running for the PSF Board! In the meantime, we hope that folks in the Python community consider running for a seat on the PSF Board! Wondering who runs for the Board? People who care about the Python community, who want to see it flourish and grow, and also have a few hours a month to attend regular meetings, serve on committees, participate in conversations, and promote the Python ..
  • 2025-04-18 14:19
    One of Django's most appreciated features is the built-in admin functionality. In fact, it was ranked as the most useful contrib app in the 2023 Django developer survey . With a few lines of code, Django automatically generates an administrative interface to add, update, and edit objects in your database. While it's not meant to replace a full-featured frontend, the admin makes rapid prototyping possible and provides a lot of functionality out of the box. However, the admin's focus is not on a flashy user interface and some people have found it to be a little plain – some have even called it ugly! But fortunately, like all Django applications, the admin's CSS and HTML templates can be overridden and tweaked. Here are a few projects which have done that, and are recently updated as of early 2025. Chime in on the Django forum thread here with your favorite Django admin theme or if I missed any other options! Note that these packages are listed in the order of the “easiest” integration to the hardest. However, the later libraries also tend to provide more features. Dracula A dark (and light) theme for the Django Admin based on the very popular Dracula which has themes for 400+ applications. This library is a quick win to ..
  • 2025-04-17 18:27
    The Lubuntu Team is proud to announce Lubuntu 25.04, codenamed Plucky Puffin. Lubuntu 25.04 is the 28th release of Lubuntu, the 14th release of Lubuntu with LXQt as the default desktop environment. With 25.04 being an interim release, it will be supported until January of 2026. If you're a 24.10 user, please upgrade to 25.04 …]
  • 2025-04-17 15:23
    The latest interim release of Ubuntu introduces “devpacks” for popular frameworks like Spring, along with performance enhancements across a broad range of hardware. 17 April 2025 Today Canonical announced the release of Ubuntu 25.04, codenamed “Plucky Puffin,” available to download and install from ubuntu.com/download .   Ubuntu 25.04 delivers the latest GNOME 48 with support for triple buffering and an improved install and boot experience. The introduction of a “devpack” for Spring expands toolchain availability in Ubuntu. Advancements in silicon enablement with Canonical's partners deliver performance improvements for AI workloads on Intel GPUs, and support for confidential computing on AMD SEV-SNP. Plucky Puffin combines the very latest in open source desktop technology with a focus on making high quality developer tooling readily available on Ubuntu. Ubuntu 25.04 delivers performance improvements across Intel GPUs, and a new purpose-built ISO for ARM64 hardware enthusiasts. Our increasing support for confidential computing with AMD SEV-SNP makes Ubuntu the target platform to deploy AI workloads securely and at scale on both public clouds and private data centers. Jon Seager, VP of Ubuntu Engineering at Canonical ..
  • 2025-04-16 12:11
    Estimated reading time: 3 minutes PyCharm is now one powerful, unified product! Its core functionality, including Jupyter Notebook support, will be free, and a Pro subscription will be available with additional features. Starting with the 2025.1 release, every user will get instant access to a free one-month Pro trial, so you'll be able to access all of PyCharm's advanced features right away. After the trial, you can choose whether to continue with a Pro subscription or keep using the core features for free. Previously, PyCharm was offered as two separate products: the free Community Edition and the Professional Edition with extended capabilities. Now, with a single streamlined product, you no longer need to choose. Everything is in one place, and you can seamlessly switch between core and advanced features within the same installation whenever you need to. 💡 What's new? ✅ One product for all developers You no longer need to worry about additional downloads or switching between editions. PyCharm is now a single product. Start with a month of full Pro access for free, and then keep using the core features at no cost. Upgrade to Pro anytime within the same installation. 🎓 Free Jupyter Notebook support PyCharm now offers ..
  • 2025-04-15 10:32
    Ubuntu MATE 25.04 is ready to soar! 🪽 Celebrating our 10th anniversary as an official Ubuntu flavour with the reliable MATE Desktop experience you love, built on the latest Ubuntu foundations. Read on to learn more 👓️ A Decade of MATE This release marks the 10th anniversary of Ubuntu MATE becoming an official Ubuntu flavour. From our humble beginnings, we've developed a loyal following of users who value a traditional desktop experience with modern capabilities. Thanks to our amazing community, contributors, and users who have been with us throughout this journey. Here's to many more years of Ubuntu MATE! 🥂 What changed in Ubuntu MATE 25.04? Here are the highlights of what's new in the Plucky Puffin release: Celebrating 10 years as an official Ubuntu flavour! 🎂 Optional full disk encryption in the installer 🔐 Enhanced advanced partitioning options Better interaction with existing BitLocker-enabled Windows installations Improved experience when installing alongside other operating systems Major Applications Accompanying MATE Desktop 🧉 and Linux 6.15 🐧 are Firefox 137 🔥🦊, Evolution 3.56 📧, LibreOffice 25.2.2 📚 See the Ubuntu 25.04 Release Notes for details of all the changes and improvements that Ubuntu ..
  • 2025-03-25 12:19
    Rivos Inc. brings scalable, high-performance AI accelerating solutions to the Data Center, helping to turn the benefits of both AI and Data Analytics into a reality. Rivos is  working with Canonical to deliver the widely utilized Ubuntu OS on top of the Data Center-class integrated RISC-V CPU and innovative GPGPU solution from Rivos.  This blog looks at the benefit of Rivos and Canonical partnering and how this partnership will impact future AI and Data Analytics use cases.  Artificial intelligence is transforming business operations across all industries by automating tasks, improving customer experiences, revealing valuable insights, and fostering innovation. As AI workloads become more complex, the demand for greater computing capabilities rises. Organizations need high-performance computing, robust storage, and advanced networking solutions that are secure, reliable, and efficient to fully utilize AI's potential and maintain a competitive edge.  Rivos: setting the performance standard for RISC-V in Data Centers  Rivos and Canonical have partnered to enhance RISC-V-readiness in Ubuntu for Data Centers, creating a streamlined and optimized Linux experience, specifically designed for Rivos platforms. This collaboration marks ..
  • 2025-03-24 13:00
    Running large language models (LLMs) locally with tools like LM Studio or Ollama has many advantages, including privacy, lower costs, and offline availability. However, these models can be resource-intensive and require proper optimization to run efficiently. In this article, we will walk you through optimizing your setup, and in this case, we will be using LM Studio to make things a bit easier with its user-friendly interface and easy installation. We'll be covering model selection and some performance tweaks to help you get the most out of your LLM setup. I assume that you have LM Studio installed; otherwise, please check out our article: How to Run LLM Locally on Your Computer with LM Studio . Once you have it installed and running on your computer, we can get started: Selecting the Right Model Selecting the right Large Language Model (LLM) is important to get efficient and accurate results. Just like choosing the right tool for a job, different LLMs are better suited for different tasks. There are a few things that we can look for when selecting models: 1. The Model Parameters Think of parameters as the “knobs” and “dials” inside the LLM that are adjusted during training. They determine how the model understands ..
  • 2025-03-20 13:00
    AI-powered image generators are becoming increasingly popular for creating visuals like images and logos. They can save you time and effort, especially if you're not a professional designer. However, many of these tools can be costly, which isn't ideal if you're just starting out or using them as a hobby. To help you find the right tool without spending a fortune, here are five of the best free AI-powered image generators. But as with anything free, there's always a catch. We'll also explore each tool's limitations so you can better understand which one best suits your needs. Bing Image Creator Bing Image Creator is a free AI-powered tool from Microsoft that turns text prompts into images. It uses an advanced version of OpenAI's DALL-E model and is designed to be simple and accessible. To get started, you only need a Microsoft account, which comes with 15 boosted generations for faster results. Simply enter a detailed description of the image you want, and the tool will generate four different versions for you to choose from. It supports over 100 languages, so you can provide a description in your preferred language. Pros: It features a simple, user-friendly interface Produces great results, capable of generating ..
  • 2025-03-19 10:00
    Want to watch movies from your Mac on your Smart TV? While there are several ways to watch movies from Mac on Smart TV , this guide will show you how to transfer movie files directly to your TV for the best viewing experience on the big screen. What You Need: Before we start, make sure your Smart TV meets these requirements: Your Smart TV must be an Android TV, meaning it can download apps from the Google Play Store. You'll need an app called AnExplorer . On your Smart TV, go to the Google Play Store, search for AnExplorer , install, and open it. You'll also need a video player. I recommend VLC Player . Just download it from the Play Store. Transferring Movie Files from Mac to Smart TV Once you've installed AnExplorer, open it. You should see a screen like this: Now, follow these steps: Under Tools , click Web Transfer , then select Start . Once started, you'll see an IP address and a QR code. On your Mac, open a browser and enter the IP address displayed on your TV. This will open the file directory of your Smart TV. Find the Movies folder and open it. Click the Upload button (upward arrow), then select Choose Files . Locate the movie file on your Mac and click Open > Transfer ..
  • 2025-03-04 17:36
    I recently finished a project that uses Python and the American Community Survey (ACS) to measure immigration in the town I grew up in. This post provides an overview of the results. If you are interested in doing a similar analysis, I recommend using the code I used for this project as a starting point. The code is in a repo called "hometown_analysis" and you can view it here . Why Measure Immigration? On a recent trip to my hometown I was struck by how many of the residents said that the town had changed since I left. When pressed for details they said that immigration was the largest cause of the change. This surprised me because I recall my hometown as having a significant wave of immigration during my childhood. Many of my friends growing up were born in Iran and came to the US as a result of the Iranian Revolution (1979) and the Iran-Iraq war (1980-88). For reference, I grew up in Great Neck, NY and left when I graduated high school in 1996. Naively, I had never considered that after leaving there might be another wave of immigrationone that would be unrelated to the one that occurred when I lived there. Since I have some experience with analyzing Census data, I thought it would be fun to chart the rise and fall of ..
  • 2025-02-04 13:00
    Ever wished you could create professional-looking videos just by typing a description? With Sora, OpenAI's latest video generation model , that's now a reality. Whether you're a content creator, marketer, or just someone who loves experimenting with new tech, Sora offers a fascinating way to bring your ideas to life. It's designed to understand not just what you describe, but how those elements interact in the real world, making it incredibly intuitive and powerful. In this post, we'll walk you through everything you need to know about Sora – from how to get started and access its features, to tips for refining your videos and making the most of your credits. What is Sora? Sora is a video generation model by OpenAI capable of creating complex scenes with multiple characters, realistic motion, and accurate details for both subjects and backgrounds. It is designed to understand not just the user's prompt but also how the described elements interact in the physical world. How to Access Sora You can access Sora in two ways: Go to sora.com and log in. Log in to chatgpt.com , then click “Sora” on the left-hand sidebar. Who Can Use Sora? Sora is available to ChatGPT Plus, Team, and Pro users – essentially, those ..
  • 2024-11-17 00:18
    I'm pleased to introduce uCareSystem 24.11.17, the latest version of the all-in-one system maintenance tool. This release brings some minor fixes and improvements with visual changes that you will love. I'm excited to share the details of the latest update to uCareSystem! With this release, the focus is on refining the user experience and modernizing …]